Transformer oil is essential for maintaining the efficiency and safety of power transformers. It serves two critical functions: providing insulation and cooling for internal components.
There are two primary types of mineral oil used:
• Naphthenic Oil: It is known for its low viscosity and better performance at low temperatures, making it ideal for colder climates.
• Paraffinic Oil: Offers higher oxidation stability and is commonly used in warmer environments.
Beyond mineral oils, synthetic oils like silicone oil and natural esters (e.g., Envirotemp FR3) offer superior fire resistance and environmental benefits. These eco-friendly oils are biodegradable and used in environmentally sensitive areas.
Critical functions of transformer oil:
• Electrical Insulation: Prevents electrical discharges inside the transformer.
• Heat Dissipation: Efficiently cools down the transformer during operation.
• Moisture Protection: Protects internal components from moisture, which can lead to electrical breakdowns.
Regular oil analysis, such as dissolved gas analysis (DGA) and moisture content tests, is critical in early fault detection and extending the transformer’s lifespan.
Choosing and maintaining the correct oil through proactive testing ensures reliability, safety, and optimized performance.
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