Why Transformer is used in Power Distribution?
Voltage Step-Up (Transmission)
Electricity is generated at relatively low voltages (11–33 kV).
Step-up transformers increase this voltage to high voltages (132 kV, 220 kV, 400 kV or more) for transmission.
Higher voltage means lower current for the same power reducing energy loss in transmission lines.
Voltage Step-Down (Distribution)
For consumers electricity needs to be safe and usable.
Step-down transformers reduce high transmission voltages to distribution levels
(33 kV → 11 kV → 415 V/230 V)
for
- Industries,
- Businesses and
- Households.
Safety & Compatibility
Different equipment and loads that require specific voltage levels.
Transformers provide the right voltage as per load requirement.
Efficient Power Delivery
They minimize **I²R losses (**heat losses due to resistance of conductors).
Enable long-distance transmission without major losses.
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