Several factors make DC (direct current) sources preferred by electronic equipment over AC (alternating current) sources.
1). Internal Components Compatibility
Transistors, integrated circuits, diodes, & microprocessors are just a few examples of electronic parts that run on DC voltage. It would be necessary for the devices to contain additional parts, such as rectifiers, in order to directly provide them with AC voltage. Design complexity and component count are decreased when DC power is used.
2). Dependable voltage
The majority of electronic equipment need a steady voltage to operate properly. DC power sources offer a constant voltage level to ensure reliable functioning. Contrarily, AC power is constantly changing in polarity & magnitude, making it difficult to maintain a constant voltage without the need of additional equipment.
3). Reduced Interference and noise
Due to its waveform’s continual change, AC electricity transmits electromagnetic interference (EMI) & electrical noise. For delicate electronic components and circuits, DC power is usually better because it has fewer fluctuations and noise.
4). Powered by batteries
Batteries are used to power an array of electronic devices, including computers, smartphones, and portable electronics. Since batteries by nature generate DC power, it is more effective to convert AC power (if accessible) to DC in order to operate the device and charge the battery.
5). Scale and effectiveness
Energy losses can be introduced during AC-to-DC conversion, especially when rectifiers and transformers are used. It is essential for tiny electronic devices to have compact, efficient power supply, which can be achieved through utilizing DC power from the initial stage.
6). Safety
Particularly at higher voltages, AC voltage may be more hazardous than DC voltage. Because DC power sources frequently operate at lower voltages, consumers are safer and the possibility of electrical shock is decreased.
7). Regulation and Control
Compared to AC power, DC electricity is simpler to regulate and control. This makes designing voltage regulators, protective circuits, and power management systems for electrical devices easier.
8). Electronics that are Digital Compatible
Binary signals (0s & 1s) are used most often by digital logic circuits, that are widely used in contemporary electronic equipment. Since DC voltages are ideal for describing these binary states, digital electronics depend on them.
Summary
The majority of industrial settings and houses still distribute electricity using AC power, despite the fact that many modern equipment operate internally on DC power. As a result, wall adapters and other external power sources frequently convert AC power to the DC voltage needed by electronic devices.