How does a capacitor charge and discharge is it enitrely different from the battery charging
Capacitors accumulate charge according to the flow of electricity. whereas battery’s hold the charge almost indefinitely as soon as the charge has ceased. also, battery’s store charges chemically whereas capacitors accumulate charge between two plates like an ice cream sandwich.
A battery generates electricity normally from chemical reactions. I say normally as there are other types of electrical generation which don’t use a chemical reaction and might be considered a battery (getting off subject). A capacitor does not generate electricity rather it needs to be charged from another source. Batteries store energy chemically - capacitors do it electrostatically in the form of charge. Both are capable of maintaining a charge for quite some time after disconnected.
A battery is designed to provide electricity normally through chemical means. That’s why when you go to a department store and buy a battery it has a voltage rating. That voltage rating is what the battery is designed to provide. While if you go to a department store and if not met with strange looks you won’t find any capacitor because they are not designed to provide electricity. The voltage rating on a capacitor isn’t the voltage they provide rather the charge voltage rating that should not be exceeded otherwise you risk damaging or destroying the capacitor. Capacitors are not designed to provide electricity to power devices (they are a few exceptions) because a capacitor needs to be charged and will discharge very quickly if there’s not a lot of resistance.