What is a Tap Changer in a Power Transformer?
A tap changer is a mechanism in a power transformer (which is utilized in grid stations) that allows you to vary the transformer’s turns ratio.
The transformer’s output voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio between the primary & secondary windings either increasing (or) decreasing it depending on the system needs.
Why is it needed?
Transmission & distribution voltages change according to load and system demand.
The tap changer maintains voltage within allowed limits (e.g., ±5% of rated value).
It offers consistent voltage supply to consumers & protects equipment from the over/under voltage.
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