A transformer won’t function properly when linked to DC. The electromagnetic induction theory, which underlies transformer operation, depends on a fluctuating magnetic field to produce a voltage in secondary winding. There will not be any induced voltage in secondary winding since DC does not result in a fluctuating magnetic field.
Due to its low resistance, the primary winding of the transformer functions as a short circuit between the terminals of the DC power source when a DC voltage is applied. This causes a large amount of current to flow through the winding, which causes the winding to overheat. The source (or) the winding will eventually become damaged. The transformer’s rating, the input DC voltage, and the winding resistance all affect how much current flows through the winding.
It is crucial to never link a transformer to DC due of these factors.
The following are some potential outcomes when a transformer gets connected to DC:
- The transformer can burn out from overheating.
- The primary winding’s high current flow rate has the potential to harm the transformer.
- It’s possible for the transformer to have no output voltage.
- The output voltage from the transformer could be altered.
It is significant to remember that the particular transformer and the applied DC voltage will determine how severe the effects will be on the system.
In conclusion, connecting a transformer directly to a DC source is not recommended since it can result in a variety of adverse effects, such as the loss of the voltage transformation, heating, core saturation, and possibly even damage to the transformer itself. If DC-to-AC conversion (or) voltage transformation is necessary, it is preferable to use specialised equipment. For example, rectifiers are used for DC-to-AC conversion, while DC-DC converters are used for voltage transformation in DC systems. If any of these functions is required, it is best to use specialised equipment.