What are inert electrodes?
Inert electrodes are electrodes that do not participate in the chemical reactions taking place in an electrochemical cell. Instead, they simply act as a medium for the transfer of electrons between the cell’s electrolyte and the external circuit. These electrodes are typically made of materials that are chemically stable and resistant to corrosion, such as platinum (Pt), gold (Au), or graphite.
Key Characteristics of Inert Electrodes:
- Chemical Inactivity: They do not react with the electrolyte or the substances involved in the electrochemical reaction.
- Conductivity: They conduct electrons without undergoing oxidation or reduction themselves.
- Durability: They can withstand harsh conditions like high temperatures and corrosive environments.
Common Uses:
- Electrolysis: Inert electrodes are used in electrolysis processes to ensure that only the electrolyte components are involved in the reaction.
- Electrochemical Cells: They are used in cells where the electrode material itself should not affect the outcome of the reaction (e.g., in fuel cells or galvanic cells).
For example, in the electrolysis of water, platinum or graphite electrodes are used to carry current without reacting with water or the gases produced.