Transmission line losses might be of the following types:
1). Resistance Losses (I²R losses)
2). Inductive Losses
3). Capacitive Losses
4). Dielectric Losses
5). Radiation Losses
6). Corona Losses
7). Leakage Losses
8). Skin Effect Losses
9). Proximity Effect Losses
10). Ground Return Current Losses
1). Resistance Losses (I²R losses)
The conductor’s resistance causes heat and energy losses.
2). Inductive Losses
These occur due to the transmission line’s inductive reactance, which stores energy in the magnetic field.
3). Capacitive Losses
These occur owing to the transmission line’s capacitive reactance, which stores energy in the electric field.
4). Dielectric Losses
These are caused by defects in the insulation material, which absorb and dissipate energy as heat.
5). Radiation Losses
These occur as a result of the transmission line’s electromagnetic radiation, which causes energy loss.
6). Corona Losses
These are caused by the ionisation of the air around the conductors, which results in the loss of energy as heat and light.
7). Leakage Losses
These occur when the current leaks via the insulation or other pathways.
8). Skin Effect Losses
These arise as a result of high-frequency currents flowing near the conductor’s surface, which increases resistance.
9). Proximity Effect Losses
These are caused by the contact of nearby conductors, which results in energy loss.
10). Ground Return Current Losses
These happen as the current flows through the earth, causing energy to be lost.
These losses can be reduced by selecting appropriate conductor materials, optimising transmission line design, and deploying efficient transmission methods.