Is there any possibility to estimate the time average power without knowing the power factor?
Estimating the time-average power without knowing the power factor is difficult but double under certain conditions.
Methods to estimate Time-Average Power
Utilizing Apparent Power & Assumptions
If one have the root mean square (RMS) values of voltage (V rms) and
current (Irms), you can calculate the apparent power (𝑆) as:
S = V rms × I rms
Without the power factor (cosϕ), the real power (P) cannot be calculated directly.
You can, however, make assumptions about the average power factor range (which is usually between 0.8 & 1 for many electrical systems).
For a power factor of 0.9, the equation is:
P ≈ S×0.9
Statistical Data
Use previous data from similar systems (or) loads to estimate power factor and real power.
Energy Measurement Over Time
Measuring the energy consumed over a period (𝐸) and total duration (𝑡) can determine the average power.
P(avg) = E/t
This approach does not require the power factor, but it does need energy usage statistics.
Instrument Measurements
Use a power meter to measure real power directly. These gadgets frequently adjust for the power factor internally & provide a direct measurement of real power.
Using Voltage & Current Waveforms
To calculate real power, integrate the instantaneous voltage & current waveforms across time.
P(avg) =1/T{ 1 ∫ 0v(t) i(t) dt}
This needs a comprehensive measurement setup but eliminates the necessity for the power factor.
To estimate time-average power without knowing the power factor, appropriate approximations can be obtained by assumptions, historical data, (or) energy measurements. For accurate measurements, suitable instrumentation (or) waveform analysis is suggested.