What is Battery?
Batteries are devices that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy, which can then be used to power a wide range of electronic devices. Batteries may be found in almost all modern electronic gadgets.
Construction of a Battery
They are made up of one or more electrochemical cells, each of which is made up of two electrodes (one positive and one negative) and an electrolyte that helps promote the movement of charged particles (ions) between the electrodes. They are also made up of one or more electrochemical batteries.
Function of a Battery
When a battery is connected to a circuit, a chemical reaction takes place between the electrodes and the electrolyte. This reaction produces an increase in the number of electrons at the negative electrode (also known as the anode), while the number of electrons at the positive electrode decreases (cathode).
This results in a difference in electric potential (voltage) between the two electrodes, which in turn triggers electrons to move from the negative electrode across the circuit and arrive at the positive electrode, so creating an electric current.
As the battery is discharged, the chemical processes that take place within it progressively consume the reactants, which in turn causes the voltage to fall. This continues until the battery is completely exhausted and is unable to provide an amount of power that is useful.
When working with rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, the chemical processes may be made to run in the other direction by adding an external voltage to the battery. This allows the reactants to be restored and the battery to be recharged so that it can be used again.
Battery Life Time
The chemical make-up of a battery as well as the dimensions of its electrodes are the primary factors that decide the quantity of usable electrical energy that it can generate. A battery’s lifetime is determined by a number of different aspects, such as the total number of times it has been charged and discharged, the standard of its individual components, and the circumstances in which it is used.