Can a 50 Hz transformer operate on a 60 Hz system?
Yes, a 50 Hz transformer can operate on a 60 Hz system and in most cases it will perform safely and even more efficiently.
When a transformer designed for 50 Hz is supplied with 60 Hz at the same rated voltage the magnetic flux in the core decreases because flux is inversely proportional to frequency.
This reduction in flux results in lower core losses and reduced heating, allowing the transformer to operate without risk of saturation.
However, while operation is generally safe the transformer should still be used within its rated voltage and current limits and its performance characteristics such as impedance and losses may slightly differ.
In contrast, operating a 60 Hz transformer on a 50 Hz supply is not recommended unless the voltage is reduced because the lower frequency increases core flux and can lead to overheating and possible insulation damage.