# Electrical **URL:** https://forumautomation.com/c/electrical/11.md?page=2 [Latest](https://forumautomation.com/latest.md) · [Categories](https://forumautomation.com/categories.md) · [Tags](https://forumautomation.com/tags.md) **Page:** 3 --- ## [What is a Pyranometer? How it measures Solar Irradiance?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-pyranometer-how-it-measures-solar-irradiance/13306)
**Author:** [@Rabert](https://forumautomation.com/u/Rabert)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [June 6, 2025, 2:40pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-pyranometer-how-it-measures-solar-irradiance/13306 "2025-06-06T14:40:23Z")
Effective plant performance research requires an understanding of pyranometers, GHI, GTI, as well as benchmarking across solar plant blocks. Accurate irradiance measurement is the basis of performance analysis in utilit… --- ## [Working principles of vfd](https://forumautomation.com/t/working-principles-of-vfd/1243)
**Author:** [@karthickkeyanm](https://forumautomation.com/u/karthickkeyanm)\ **Replies:** 3\ **Last updated:** [November 7, 2017, 10:39am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/working-principles-of-vfd/1243 "2017-11-07T10:39:53Z")
PLEASE EXPLAIN WORKING PRINCIPLES OF VFD, HOW TO WORK? HOW TO STUDY? karthikeyan, delhi --- ## [What is NO and NC contact in PLC?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-no-and-nc-contact-in-plc/10533)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [July 18, 2022, 10:18am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-no-and-nc-contact-in-plc/10533 "2022-07-18T10:18:21Z")
Logic is developed in every control circuit and automation system based on the open or closed state of switches, sensors, or relays. As a result, understanding the idea of NO/NC is required. The words normally open (NO) … --- ## [Difference between DOL/Star Delta/Autotransformer](https://forumautomation.com/t/difference-between-dol-star-delta-autotransformer/831)
**Author:** [@denizen](https://forumautomation.com/u/denizen)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 7, 2016, 12:49am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/difference-between-dol-star-delta-autotransformer/831 "2016-03-07T00:49:50Z")
DOL Starter Used upto 5 HP Does not decrease the starting current it is cheap It connects directly the motor with supply for starting as well as for running Star Delta Starter Used 5HP to 20 HP Decrease the starti… --- ## [Diode types, applications and symbol](https://forumautomation.com/t/diode-types-applications-and-symbol/5573)
**Author:** [@divyasree](https://forumautomation.com/u/divyasree)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [December 26, 2018, 2:25am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/diode-types-applications-and-symbol/5573 "2018-12-26T02:25:01Z")
Types of diodes Avalanche diode Description: It is a diode (made from silicon or other semiconductor) that is designed to experience avalanche breakdown at a specified reverse bias voltage. The junction of an avalanche d… --- ## [What is an electric tester? what is the use of electrical tester](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-an-electric-tester-what-is-the-use-of-electrical-tester/8095)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [April 4, 2020, 2:19pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-an-electric-tester-what-is-the-use-of-electrical-tester/8095 "2020-04-04T14:19:11Z")
What is an electric tester An electrical tester is a device that is used to detect the presence of electricity in equipment. Electrical devices consist of many parts and these parts mostly conduct electricity and there … --- ## [ADVANTAGES OF RELAY SWITCH CIRCUIT](https://forumautomation.com/t/advantages-of-relay-switch-circuit/6347)
**Author:** [@Ashlin.aj](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ashlin.aj)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [May 6, 2019, 6:06pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/advantages-of-relay-switch-circuit/6347 "2019-05-06T18:06:45Z")
RELAY SWITCH CIRCUIT Relays are widely used to protect electronic devices from short circuits these are electromechanical devices which uses electromagnet and it is used to close the movable cont… --- ## [What are the application three-line electrical diagrams?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-application-three-line-electrical-diagrams/889)
**Author:** [@denizen](https://forumautomation.com/u/denizen)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 20, 2016, 7:53pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-application-three-line-electrical-diagrams/889 "2016-03-20T19:53:09Z")
Applications of Three-Line diagrams 1.Details design of power and control circuit for electrical switch-gear assemblies and load control center. 2.Phase sequencing representation 3.Displaying differential relay settin… --- ## [What is a transmission power line? Why DC is not used for power transmission](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-transmission-power-line-why-dc-is-not-used-for-power-transmission/8248)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [May 6, 2020, 8:57am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-transmission-power-line-why-dc-is-not-used-for-power-transmission/8248 "2020-05-06T08:57:37Z")
What is a transmission power line and why do we need transmission lines The transmission line is a metallic conductor system that is used to transfer electrical energy from one point to another using electric current fl… --- ## [What are the difference between current and voltage transformer?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-difference-between-current-and-voltage-transformer/6420)
**Author:** [@Ashlin.aj](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ashlin.aj)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [September 16, 2024, 5:37am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-difference-between-current-and-voltage-transformer/6420 "2024-09-16T05:37:20Z")
HOW THE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER IS DIFFERENT FROM CURRENT TRANSFORMER Current transformer monitor and measure the current through a transmission line and it will also isolate the metering equipment, and the voltage transfor… --- ## [Is it ok to connect a contactor before the MPCB?](https://forumautomation.com/t/is-it-ok-to-connect-a-contactor-before-the-mpcb/9123)
**Author:** [@instrumentationtechi](https://forumautomation.com/u/instrumentationtechi)\ **Replies:** 3\ **Last updated:** [July 3, 2026, 10:13am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/is-it-ok-to-connect-a-contactor-before-the-mpcb/9123 "2026-07-03T10:13:38Z")
I have a contactor, controlled by a PLC, and a motor protection circuit breaker. Does it matter which comes first and if so: why? I don’t think it matters because the contactor’s job is to latch and the MPCB secures the … --- ## [How to use DC motor as a generator? how to increase its output voltage](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-use-dc-motor-as-a-generator-how-to-increase-its-output-voltage/6020)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 5, 2019, 5:46am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-use-dc-motor-as-a-generator-how-to-increase-its-output-voltage/6020 "2019-03-05T05:46:02Z")
What is a Dc motor A DC motor is an electrical machine that converts direct current electrical energy to mechanical energy most of the types rely on the forces produced by the magnetic field the same DC machine can be u… --- ## [What is Load rejection test (governor test) in commissioning?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-load-rejection-test-governor-test-in-commissioning/7645)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 3, 2020, 6:26pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-load-rejection-test-governor-test-in-commissioning/7645 "2020-01-03T18:26:15Z")
What is load rejection? Load rejection is a situation in an electrical system where there is a sudden loss of load in the system that causes over-frequency generation of equipment. A station can experience a load rejec… --- ## [Electrical wiring diagram switches symbols](https://forumautomation.com/t/electrical-wiring-diagram-switches-symbols/2667)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [November 17, 2017, 7:23pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/electrical-wiring-diagram-switches-symbols/2667 "2017-11-17T19:23:16Z")
Electrical wiring diagram symbols developed by JIC ( Joint International Committee) --- ## [How to choose an appropriate measuring instrument for electrical power and efficiency measurement?](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-choose-an-appropriate-measuring-instrument-for-electrical-power-and-efficiency-measurement/1657)
**Author:** [@denizen](https://forumautomation.com/u/denizen)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 14, 2017, 5:34am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-choose-an-appropriate-measuring-instrument-for-electrical-power-and-efficiency-measurement/1657 "2017-01-14T05:34:06Z")
Fundamental questions for power measurement. These questions will help you to choose the right instrument for electrical power and efficiency measurement. 1.What do i need to measure? Is the power repetitive ? Is the … --- ## [Difference between MCB and MCCB](https://forumautomation.com/t/difference-between-mcb-and-mccb/853)
**Author:** [@automate](https://forumautomation.com/u/automate)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [July 11, 2026, 3:02am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/difference-between-mcb-and-mccb/853 "2026-07-11T03:02:22Z")
MCB - Miniature Circuit Breaker MCB is miniature circuit breaker which is thermal operated and use for short circuit protection in small current rating circuit. Normally it is used where normal current is less than 100… --- ## [What is MCB? Explain Different types of MCB](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-mcb-explain-different-types-of-mcb/3812)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [June 8, 2018, 2:35pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-mcb-explain-different-types-of-mcb/3812 "2018-06-08T14:35:53Z")
What is MCB? MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) is a circuit breaker with optimum protection facilities of overcurrent and short circuit only. Its basic function is to detect the fault condition and interrupt the current … --- ## [7 - Best electrical cable and wire calculator for android and their features](https://forumautomation.com/t/7-best-electrical-cable-and-wire-calculator-for-android-and-their-features/8526)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [May 25, 2021, 5:39am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/7-best-electrical-cable-and-wire-calculator-for-android-and-their-features/8526 "2021-05-25T05:39:34Z")
1. Wire calculator Electricians mostly use a gauge to select the size of the wire, by using this app we can select the wire that is required for certain applications. In order to do that, we must give some details to … --- ## [What cause losses in the transformer and how to reduce it ? How to achieve maximum efficiency of a transformer?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-cause-losses-in-the-transformer-and-how-to-reduce-it-how-to-achieve-maximum-efficiency-of-a-transformer/7785)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 24, 2020, 5:12pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-cause-losses-in-the-transformer-and-how-to-reduce-it-how-to-achieve-maximum-efficiency-of-a-transformer/7785 "2020-01-24T17:12:15Z")
What is a transformer A transformer can be considered as the most useful electrical device which has ever invented. It can change the magnitude of alternating current and voltage from one value to another and this usefu… --- ## [SUMMING AMPLIFIER AND ITS APPLICATIONS](https://forumautomation.com/t/summing-amplifier-and-its-applications/6225)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [April 8, 2019, 5:34pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/summing-amplifier-and-its-applications/6225 "2019-04-08T17:34:04Z")
SUMMING AMPLIFIER AND ITS APPLICATIONS Summing amplifier is an inverted Op-amp which can accept two or more inputs it is used to combine the voltages present in two or more inputs to single output voltage it is also cal… --- ## [What is harmonics? How can we reduce harmonics?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-harmonics-how-can-we-reduce-harmonics/8239)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [May 3, 2020, 4:57pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-harmonics-how-can-we-reduce-harmonics/8239 "2020-05-03T16:57:57Z")
What is harmonics and what do you mean by harmonics Harmonics can be described as the distortion or deviation of perfect sinusoidal waveform. It can also be explained as currents or voltages with frequencies that are in… --- ## [Testing procedure for a 3 phase motor](https://forumautomation.com/t/testing-procedure-for-a-3-phase-motor/7510)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [December 4, 2019, 6:19pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/testing-procedure-for-a-3-phase-motor/7510 "2019-12-04T18:19:32Z")
When an electric motor fails to start, runs intermittently, runs hot, or continually trips its overcurrent device, there my be a variety of causes. Sometimes the problem lies within the power supply, including the con… --- ## [Overcurrent Relays - Basics, Function, types of Overcurrent relay](https://forumautomation.com/t/overcurrent-relays-basics-function-types-of-overcurrent-relay/5828)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 31, 2019, 4:40pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/overcurrent-relays-basics-function-types-of-overcurrent-relay/5828 "2019-01-31T16:40:27Z")
What is an overcurrent relay? Overcurrent relays are relays that work based on the increase in current that passes through them and can also be based on the specified time setting. Time measurement is related to security… --- ## [What are losses in Electrical Power Systems?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-losses-in-electrical-power-systems/10305)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 31, 2022, 5:23am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-losses-in-electrical-power-systems/10305 "2022-03-31T05:23:36Z")
What is loss? Due to the various issues or unwanted effects such as heating of components, parasitic elements effects, skin effects, transformer core, etc, there will be power lost in electrical, electronic, or in power… --- ## [Cable sizing calculation](https://forumautomation.com/t/cable-sizing-calculation/3728)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [May 30, 2018, 6:04pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/cable-sizing-calculation/3728 "2018-05-30T18:04:36Z")
The cables used in high voltage or low voltage application, it should be sized correctly otherwise there may be a fire risk. The cable sizing is properly done based on the voltage transmission through the wire. The purp… --- ## [How to run multiple motors by using a single VFD?](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-run-multiple-motors-by-using-a-single-vfd/10326)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [April 8, 2022, 5:08am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-run-multiple-motors-by-using-a-single-vfd/10326 "2022-04-08T05:08:03Z")
What is VFD? VFD stands for Variable Frequency Drive. It is a device that is designed to regulate the consumption of power to the motors. Click here to know more Can we connect multiple motors using a single VFD? Act… --- ## [What is a snubber circuit?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-snubber-circuit/7008)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [October 21, 2024, 3:19pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-snubber-circuit/7008 "2024-10-21T15:19:23Z")
What is a snubber circuit Snubbers are circuits which are used in electrical systems to prevent the sharp rise in voltage which is a transient and it can damage or lead to failure of controlling device. Snubbers are use… --- ## [Synchro control transformer](https://forumautomation.com/t/synchro-control-transformer/4160)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [July 19, 2018, 5:10pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/synchro-control-transformer/4160 "2018-07-19T17:10:49Z")
A synchro control transformer is used in conjunction with a synchro transmitter to act as error sensor of mechanical components. Basically, the construction of a synchro control transformer is very similar to that of the… --- ## [What is a potential free contact?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-potential-free-contact/9203)
**Author:** [@instrumentationtechi](https://forumautomation.com/u/instrumentationtechi)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [February 26, 2021, 6:00am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-potential-free-contact/9203 "2021-02-26T06:00:31Z")
Explain the potential free contact --- ## [What is the difference between star and delta connection?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-the-difference-between-star-and-delta-connection/9788)
**Author:** [@instrumentationtechi](https://forumautomation.com/u/instrumentationtechi)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [October 24, 2025, 3:55pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-the-difference-between-star-and-delta-connection/9788 "2025-10-24T15:55:09Z")
Explain how a star connection is different from a delta connection --- ## [How to connect two AC motors in parallel?](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-connect-two-ac-motors-in-parallel/10328)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [April 9, 2022, 5:35am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-connect-two-ac-motors-in-parallel/10328 "2022-04-09T05:35:20Z")
Is it possible to connect two AC motors in parallel? Yes, you can connect and run two AC motors, which should be identical, together on the same shaft. Wiring diagram Depending on the needs of the application, a st… --- ## [Basics of Digital multimeter | How to use digital multimeter?](https://forumautomation.com/t/basics-of-digital-multimeter-how-to-use-digital-multimeter/5769)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [September 26, 2024, 1:15pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/basics-of-digital-multimeter-how-to-use-digital-multimeter/5769 "2024-09-26T13:15:16Z")
It is called a multimeter because it combines the functions of a voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter. Multimeters may also have other functions, such as diode and continuity tests. Electronic multimeters are sometimes also… --- ## [What are the difference between air circuit breaker and oil circuit breaker?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-difference-between-air-circuit-breaker-and-oil-circuit-breaker/6581)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [June 20, 2019, 6:11pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-difference-between-air-circuit-breaker-and-oil-circuit-breaker/6581 "2019-06-20T18:11:21Z")
What is a circuit breaker A circuit breaker is a type of switching device which can be used for protecting the electrical equipment in a power system, it does the interruption of electricity if any fault is detected. A… --- ## [Why AC current is used in Home appliances instead of DC?](https://forumautomation.com/t/why-ac-current-is-used-in-home-appliances-instead-of-dc/10477)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [June 14, 2022, 4:58am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/why-ac-current-is-used-in-home-appliances-instead-of-dc/10477 "2022-06-14T04:58:43Z")
The reason why AC current is used in home appliances rather than DC is due to the intrinsic properties of direct currents and their shortcomings in comparison to Alternating Currents (AC). AC currents can, in fact, be ea… --- ## [HOW TO PROTECT A BUSBAR FROM FAULTS?](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-protect-a-busbar-from-faults/6446)
**Author:** [@Ashlin.aj](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ashlin.aj)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [October 1, 2024, 5:49pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-protect-a-busbar-from-faults/6446 "2024-10-01T17:49:39Z")
\*\*BUSBAR PROTECTION\*\* in a substation busbars are one of the most critical elements in a power system, if the fault is not cleared or isolated it will not only damage the busbar but also it will c… --- ## [What is a lightning arrester and how to select a lightning arrester?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-lightning-arrester-and-how-to-select-a-lightning-arrester/6890)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [August 1, 2019, 4:21am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-lightning-arrester-and-how-to-select-a-lightning-arrester/6890 "2019-08-01T04:21:51Z")
What is a Lightning Arrester A lightning arrester is protective devices to protect the equipment from lightning surge voltages due to lightning strikes while using it there won’t be any disruption of service because it … --- ## [How to set parameters for Mitsubishi VFD D700?](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-set-parameters-for-mitsubishi-vfd-d700/8506)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [August 6, 2020, 11:45am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-set-parameters-for-mitsubishi-vfd-d700/8506 "2020-08-06T11:45:06Z")
Introduction A variable speed drive or a variable frequency drive is an electric motor speed controller. With the help of this drive, we can improve the efficiency of a motor. A VFD can make a motor to operate at the id… --- ## [8 useful Electrical circuit simulators for Engineers](https://forumautomation.com/t/8-useful-electrical-circuit-simulators-for-engineers/6722)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [July 10, 2019, 6:10pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/8-useful-electrical-circuit-simulators-for-engineers/6722 "2019-07-10T18:10:27Z")
What is an electrical circuit simulator By using an electrical simulation software we can construct or design an electrical circuit diagram we can run it and check for any mistakes and improvements in the circuit can be… --- ## [What is an exciter and how does it work?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-an-exciter-and-how-does-it-work/11090)
**Author:** [@Rabert](https://forumautomation.com/u/Rabert)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [April 26, 2023, 2:55pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-an-exciter-and-how-does-it-work/11090 "2023-04-26T14:55:40Z")
What is an exciter? An exciter is a type of electrical equipment that generates either alternating current (AC) (or) direct current (DC). It operates by inducing an electrical current in a series of windings using a ma… --- ## [What is an Optocoupler and How does it Works?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-an-optocoupler-and-how-does-it-works/5428)
**Author:** [@divyasree](https://forumautomation.com/u/divyasree)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [June 11, 2024, 4:16pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-an-optocoupler-and-how-does-it-works/5428 "2024-06-11T16:16:58Z")
Optocoupler Optocouplers also known by photocoupler are made of LEDs, photodiodes or phototransistors linking circuits by a short optical path but isolating them electrically hence the name optoisolators . The photocoup… --- ## [BUS BAR IN A POWER SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATIONS](https://forumautomation.com/t/bus-bar-in-a-power-system-and-its-applications/6049)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 9, 2019, 5:56pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/bus-bar-in-a-power-system-and-its-applications/6049 "2019-03-09T17:56:08Z")
ELECTRICAL BUS BAR An electrical bus bar is a conductor or a group of a conductor which is used for collecting electric power from the incoming feeders and distributes it to the outgoing ones it is a … --- ## [How to run a three-phase motor by using single-phase power?](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-run-a-three-phase-motor-by-using-single-phase-power/10367)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [April 19, 2022, 11:37am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-run-a-three-phase-motor-by-using-single-phase-power/10367 "2022-04-19T11:37:48Z")
Three-phase motors are widely used for industrial purposes because of their simple structure, less cost, ease of maintenance, and operation. Normally three-phase power supply(3 ph 220v, 380v, 400v, 415v, 480v, etc.) is u… --- ## [Types of Relays and their symbols](https://forumautomation.com/t/types-of-relays-and-their-symbols/10033)
**Author:** [@Ajmal\_ismail](https://forumautomation.com/u/Ajmal_ismail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [December 3, 2021, 5:45am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/types-of-relays-and-their-symbols/10033 "2021-12-03T05:45:18Z")
What is Relay? A relay is a kind of switch that is electrically driven. It receives a signal from the source to open and close the contact. Relays built into electrical appliances transmit electrical signals to other eq… --- ## [What is Electrical Layout Drawing?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-electrical-layout-drawing/887)
**Author:** [@denizen](https://forumautomation.com/u/denizen)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 20, 2016, 7:37pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-electrical-layout-drawing/887 "2016-03-20T19:37:28Z")
Electrical Layout Drawing It is an exact graphical representation of the layout of the various fixtures,equipment,utilities, and buildings of the plant. It is intended for engineering and calculation of bill of mate… --- ## [What are Instrument transformer? Current Transformer(CT) and Potential transformer(PT)](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-instrument-transformer-current-transformer-ct-and-potential-transformer-pt/5016)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [October 25, 2018, 2:04pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-instrument-transformer-current-transformer-ct-and-potential-transformer-pt/5016 "2018-10-25T14:04:16Z")
What are instrument transformers? Instrument transformers are used in connection with the measurement of voltage, current, power and power in alternating current circuits. There are mainly two reasons for the use of inst… --- ## [What is a Power Transformer? Explain its Types](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-power-transformer-explain-its-types/7625)
**Author:** [@ashlin](https://forumautomation.com/u/ashlin)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [October 22, 2024, 12:53pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-a-power-transformer-explain-its-types/7625 "2024-10-22T12:53:32Z")
What is a transformer Electric power transmission or AC power transmission is done with the help of the transformer. It can transfer electric power from one circuit to another without changing frequency. It can raise or… --- ## [How to select cable size for three phase motor](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-select-cable-size-for-three-phase-motor/8592)
**Author:** [@Michael\_Wong](https://forumautomation.com/u/Michael_Wong)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [September 9, 2020, 2:48am UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/how-to-select-cable-size-for-three-phase-motor/8592 "2020-09-09T02:48:29Z")
What is the formula to calculate the correct cable size for 45kW three phase induction motor if the distance from the motor to motor starter unit is 150 meter. The cable is intended to run in cabletray. --- ## [What is Contact Bouncing?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-contact-bouncing/5976)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [February 22, 2019, 4:49pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-contact-bouncing/5976 "2019-02-22T16:49:38Z")
Contact Bouncing: There are different contact switches used in the industries such as push-button switches, toggle switches, and electromechanical relays all have one thing in common: contacts. These metal contacts make… --- ## [What is the Difference Between a Synchronous Motor and an Induction Motor?](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-the-difference-between-a-synchronous-motor-and-an-induction-motor/14275)
**Author:** [@Rabert](https://forumautomation.com/u/Rabert)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [July 27, 2026, 12:57pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/what-is-the-difference-between-a-synchronous-motor-and-an-induction-motor/14275 "2026-07-27T12:57:38Z")
Synchronous motors and induction motors are the two most widely used AC motors in industrial and commercial applications. While both convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, they differ significantly in operatin… --- ## [Electric Motor Protection](https://forumautomation.com/t/electric-motor-protection/2375)
**Author:** [@sivaranjith](https://forumautomation.com/u/sivaranjith)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [October 9, 2024, 2:59pm UTC](https://forumautomation.com/t/electric-motor-protection/2375 "2024-10-09T14:59:15Z")
An electric motor should protect mainly from two hazards conditions. Forward and reverse circuitry engaging at same time. Overload Forward and reverse circuitry engaging at same time : An electric motor can w… [Previous page](https://forumautomation.com/c/electrical/11.md?page=1&per_page=50) [Next page](https://forumautomation.com/c/electrical/11.md?page=3&per_page=50)